CAS	Chem.name	Chem.SMILES	#Observed Mutagenicity	Bioassay - 	Reference(s) -
3366-61-8	N-Acetylbenzidine	CC(=O)Nc1ccc(-c2ccc(N)cc2)cc1	in vitro Ames positive	Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay (e.g. Ames Test)	Makena, P. S. and CHUNGK-T; Evidence That 4-Aminobiphenyl, Benzidine, And Benzidine Congeners Produce Genotoxicity Through Reactive Oxygen Species; Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 48(5):404-413, 2007
531-85-1	Benzidine dihydrochloride	Cl_Cl_Nc1ccc(-c2ccc(N)cc2)cc1	in vitro Ames positive	Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay (e.g. Ames Test)	P&G Inventory
3626-28-6	C.I. Direct green 1	Nc1c(/N=N\c2ccc(-c3ccc(/N=N\c4ccc(O)cc4)cc3)cc2)c(S(=O)(=O)O{-}.[Na]{+})cc2cc(S(=O)(=O)O{-}.[Na]{+})c(/N=N\c3ccccc3)c(O)c12	in vitro Ames positive	Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay (e.g. Ames Test)	P&G Inventory
92-87-5	benzidine;biphenyl-4,4'-diamine	Nc1ccc(-c2ccc(N)cc2)cc1	in vitro Ames positive	Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay (e.g. Ames Test)	CCRIS database,Toxnet databases: Messerly, Ea., Fekete, Je., Wade, Dr. And Sinsheimer, Je.; Structure-Mutagenicity Relationship Of Benzidine Analogues; Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 10:263-274, 1987; Sinsheimer, Je., Hooberman, Bh., Das, Sk., Brezzell, Md. And You, Z.; The In Vivo And In Vitro Genotoxicity Of Aromatic Amines In Relationship To The Genotoxicity Of Benzidine; Mutat. Res. 268(2):255-264, 1992
573-58-0	c.i. direct red 28;congo red;	Nc1c2ccccc2c(S(=O)(=O)O{-}.[Na]{+})cc1N=Nc1ccc(-c2ccc(N=Nc3cc(S(=O)(=O)O{-}.[Na]{+})c4ccccc4c3N)cc2)cc1	in vitro Ames positive	Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay (e.g. Ames Test)	Zhou,Y, You,X and Ye,X; Mutagenicity Of Benzidines And Their Congener Derivative Dyes; Huanjing Kexue 8(2):31-34, 1987
1937-37-7	C.I. Direct Black 38	Nc1ccc(N=Nc2ccc(-c3ccc(N=Nc4c(S(=O)(=O)O{-}.[Na]{+})cc5cc(S(=O)(=O)O{-}.[Na]{+})c(N=Nc6ccccc6)c(O)c5c4N)cc3)cc2)c(N)c1	in vitro Ames positive	Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay (e.g. Ames Test)	P&G Inventory
16071-86-6	c.i. direct brown 95	O=C1C=CC(=NNc2cc3ccc2O{-}.[Cu]{2+}.O{-}S3(=O)=O)C(=O)C1=NNc1ccc(-c2ccc(N=Nc3ccc(O{-}.[Na]{+})c(C(=O)O{-}.[Na]{+})c3)cc2)cc1	in vitro Ames positive	Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay (e.g. Ames Test)	Zhou,Y, You,X and Ye,X; Mutagenicity Of Benzidines And Their Congener Derivative Dyes; Huanjing Kexue 8(2):31-34, 1987
119-90-4	3,3'-Dimethoxybenzidine	COc1cc(-c2ccc(N)c(OC)c2)ccc1N	in vitro Ames positive	Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay (e.g. Ames Test)	Takahashi, A. And Ono, H.; Mutagenicity Assessment In 44 Epoxy Resin Hardeners In Salmonella Typhimurium Tester Strains; Chem. Express 8(9):785-788, 1993
1211-40-1	4-Amino-4'-Nitrobiphenyl	Nc1ccc(cc1)-c1ccc(cc1)[N+]([O-])=O	in vitro Ames positive	Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay (e.g. Ames Test)	Sinsheimer, Je., Hooberman, Bh., Das, Sk., Brezzell, Md. And You, Z.; The In Vivo And In Vitro Genotoxicity Of Aromatic Amines In Relationship To The Genotoxicity Of Benzidine; Mutat. Res. 268(2):255-264, 1992
3365-85-3	P,P'-Diaminoterphenyl	Nc1ccc(-c2ccc(-c3ccc(N)cc3)cc2)cc1	in vitro Ames positive	Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay (e.g. Ames Test)	Wuebbles, BJY. and Felton, JS.; Evaluation of Laser Dye Mutagenicity Using The Ames/ Salmonella Microsome Test; Environ. Mutagen. 7(4):511-522, 1985
448-97-5	3,3'-Difluorobenzidine	Nc1ccc(-c2ccc(N)c(F)c2)cc1F	in vitro Ames positive	Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay (e.g. Ames Test)	Savard, S. and Josephy, PD.; Synthesis and Mutagenicity of 3,3'-Dihalogenated Benzidines; Carcinogenesis 7(7):1239-1241, 1986
61841-39-2	3-Nitrobenzidine	Nc1ccc(cc1)-c1ccc(N)c(c1)[N+]([O-])=O	in vitro Ames positive	Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay (e.g. Ames Test)	You, Z., et. al.; Ortho-Substituent Effects on the in Vitro And in Vivo Genotoxicity of Benzidine Derivatives; Mutat. Res. 319(1):19-30, 1993
63390-12-5	3,3',5-Trichlorobenzidine	Nc1ccc(-c2cc(Cl)c(N)c(Cl)c2)cc1Cl	in vitro Ames positive	Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay (e.g. Ames Test)	Josephy, PD. and Williams, LL.; Unambiguous Synthesis Of Asymmetrically Substituted Chlorinated Benzidines, And A Study Of Their Mutagenicity In The Ames Test. Potent Activity Of 3,5,3'-Trichlorobenzidine; Mutagenesis 2(3):225-228, 1987
612-83-9	3,3'-Dichlorobenzidine dihydrochloride	Cl_Cl_Nc1ccc(-c2ccc(N)c(Cl)c2)cc1Cl	in vitro Ames positive	Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay (e.g. Ames Test)	Haworth, S, Lawlor, T Mortelmans, K, Speck, W And Zeiger, E; Salmonella Mutagenicity Test Results For 250 Chemicals; Environ. Mutagen. 5(Suppl. 1): 3-142, 1983
34237-98-4	3,3'-dibromobenzidine	Nc1ccc(-c2ccc(N)c(Br)c2)cc1Br	in vitro Ames positive	Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay (e.g. Ames Test)	CCRIS database,Toxnet databases: Savard, S And Josephy, Pd; Synthesis And Mutagenicity Of 3,3'-Dihalogenated Benzidines; Carcinogenesis 7(7):1239-1241, 1986
91-94-1	3,3'-dichlorobenzidine; [1,1'-biphenyl]-4,4'-diamine, 3,3'-dichloro-	Nc1ccc(-c2ccc(N)c(Cl)c2)cc1Cl	in vitro Ames positive	Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay (e.g. Ames Test)	CCRIS database,Toxnet databases: Garner, Rc, Walpole, Al And Rose, Fl; Testing Of Some Benzidine Analogues For Microsomal Activation To Bacterial Mutagens; Cancer Lett. 1:39-42, 1975; Commoner, B; Reliability Of Bacterial Mutagenesis Techniques To Distinguish Carcinogenic And Noncarcinogenic Chemicals;Ntis Pb-259934, Epa-600/1-76-022, 1976
6271-79-0	3,3'-dinitrobenzidine;3,3'-dinitro[1,1'-biphenyl]-4,4'-diamine	Nc1ccc(cc1[N+]([O-])=O)-c1ccc(N)c(c1)[N+]([O-])=O	in vitro Ames positive	Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay (e.g. Ames Test)	CCRIS database,Toxnet databases: You, Z, Brezzell, Md, Das, Sk, Espadas-Torre, Mc, Hooberman, Bh And Sinsheimer, Je; Ortho-Substituent Effects On The In Vitro And In Vivo Genotoxicity Of Benzidine Derivatives; Mutat. Res. 319(1):19-30, 1993
2243-78-9	2-nitrobenzidine	Nc1ccc(cc1)-c1ccc(N)cc1[N+]([O-])=O	in vitro Ames positive	Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay (e.g. Ames Test)	You,Z, Brezzell,Md, Das,Sk, ESPADAS-TORRE,MC, HOOBERMAN,BH AND SINSHEIMER,JE; ORTHO-SUBSTITUENT EFFECTS ON THE IN VITRO AND IN VIVO GENOTOXICITY OF BENZIDINE DERIVATIVES; MUTAT. RES. 319(1):19-30, 1993